Thursday, September 3, 2020
How To Set Up A Computer essays
The most effective method to Set Up A Computer articles At the point when you set up a PC, you should simply set it in the ideal area, and attach the associations. There are pieces that you should have when setting up a PC. Those pieces are; a console, a mouse, a screen, a pinnacle, and two force links (one for the screen, and one for the pinnacle). On the off chance that you have recently purchased another PC, it might accompany more than those things. I won't get into those, I am simply disclosing how to set up an essential PC. You might need to utilize a flood defender to shield your PC from the harm of a force blackout. In the event that you follow these means effectively, you ought to have a working PC prepared for you to utilize. You ought to begin by finding your ideal area for the PC. A few people utilize a work area, a table, or once in a while the floor. For this arrangement of guidelines, I will utilize a table. Start by putting the screen on the table. You need to set it somewhat further away from you than the middle, however very little. Presently, take the pinnacle and set it on the left or right half of table, on the floor, or on the off chance that you need, directly close to the screen. The following thing that you need to do, is to set the console out before the screen. Putting it so that on the off chance that you attempt to type on it, you will be agreeable. Directly close to it, on the left or right side, in the event that you are correct or left gave, place the mouse. I am correct given, so I will put it on the correct side. In the event that you have a mouse cushion, you can put it under the mouse. In the event that you don't, it will work fine without one. Ensure that you have everything sit ting in a decent position with the goal that you are agreeable, and you can have ideal execution on the PC. Since you have everything situated how you need it, the following thing you have to do is connect it. Stroll around to the rear of the pinnacle and plug in the force link. The force link is one of the two links that will really go into an outlet. Take the finish of the ca... <!
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Compare and contrast Burkes narrative of the scientific revolution Essay
Thoroughly analyze Burkes account of the logical unrest with Merchant's - Essay Example gency of logical upheaval was a methods for upward movement by people that could observer them gain power so as to control, rule, and deal with the earth while looking through the lost Garden of Eden. In the two stories, logical unrest brings logical developments, innovative progressions, just as free enterprise. These logical devices would empower people rehash the lost nursery, stifle or rather overwhelm nature, and convey individuals from the wild or desert to the sheltered spot apparent as the nursery (112). For this situation, the two accounts are comparative in the way they think about recuperation of the lost nursery in the cutting edge world, the manner in which people utilize their capacity in a progression of authentic occasions in regards to logical unrest considering improving their condition with the assistance of science and innovation. Taking everything into account, both logical insurgency stories of Burke and Merchant have differentiating perspectives with respect to science and its advancement. Burke contends a PC researcher can control modernized innovation just as electronic correspondence. Besides, accessibility of PCs can upset the world through web where individuals can trade thoughts paying little mind to their areas. Vendor on the opposite side composes individuals are glorifying nature with a state of making benefit out of it. The intrigue of finding the lost nursery is not any more (169). Thusly, individuals are benefiting from their inclinations, for example, courageous monetary based experiences that are well known with vacationers and extended human advancement of individuals and nature abuse is quickly reducing the wild creation ecological issues become focus of
Friday, August 21, 2020
Children Should Start School Younger Than They Do Now Essay Example
Kids Should Start School Younger Than They Do Now Essay Example Kids Should Start School Younger Than They Do Now Paper Kids Should Start School Younger Than They Do Now Paper Kids Should Start School Younger Than They Do Now There is no uncertainty that guardians need the best for their kids. Some of them accept that youngsters should remain at home or go to kindergartens until they are seven years of age. Others believe that it is significant for children to go to class at the earliest opportunity. As per the insights, our cerebrum gets harmed as we develop old. As a kid we have a capacity to remember anything rapidly. In this way, it is extremely imperative to send kids to class early and let them think carefully for all it is worth. Besides, going to class early methods completing it at an early age. Is it a bit of leeway, in any case? Most definitely, I figure, we ought to follow the case of the USA. American kids finish their school at the age of 18-19. Along these lines, they are as of now develop enough to decide, to pick their future occupation. Concerning the Russian kids, they are just 16-17 years of age when they wind up at a junction. They havenââ¬â¢t saw at this point what they need to be, so they do what theyââ¬â¢re told by their folks. Thus, they understand later that they entered not the college they needed, and examined ââ¬Å"not their sceneâ⬠. Notwithstanding that, by sending your kid to class prior you ââ¬Å"stealâ⬠a year (or a greater amount of) his/her youth, genuine and thoughtless adolescence. It might badly affect kids later on and present to them a mental injury. Along these lines, on the off chance that you ask me, I could never send my kid to class sooner than at 7 years of age. On the off chance that you need my legit sentiment, 5-and 6-year-old children should play with dolls and toy vehicles as opposed to sitting at the work areas at school.
Sunday, June 7, 2020
How is a Sacrament Both a Sign and a Symbol Research Paper - 1375 Words
How is a Sacrament Both a Sign and a Symbol? (Research Paper Sample) Content: NameProfessor's nameCourse numberDateSACRAMENTS BOTH A SIGN AND A SYMBOLThe definition of a sacrament as defined by the Catholic Church Catechism is a sign of grace whose institution was by Christ. This ensures that those who partake it receive God's life through the Holy Spirit's work and was entrusted to the church. The word Sacramentum in Latin means "a sign of the sacred" . There are seven sacraments in Catholic Church, which are ceremonies showing what is sacred and significant to Christians. Hence, there is the interpretation that the Sacraments are God's grace instruments and signs. The seven sacraments are Baptism, Eucharist, Reconciliation, Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, Marriage, and Confirmation. However, for simplicity the study will focus on Eucharist.The study of sacraments is a bit complex; there is the need to clarify the meaning of the two terminologies: sign and symbol for a better understanding and enhance the ability to distingui sh the two. Symbol is definable as something representing another, one to one meaning. In its deeper meaning, a symbol is in its Greek form Symbaleo means, "throw together". In the study of sacraments then, symbol is a visible reality and invisible reality thrown together. The wine and bread in visible reality continue to exist as wine and bread although they become Christ blood and wine respectively. A sign, on the other hand, is a representation of something else. Sacraments are signs; symbols with deeper meanings.The Eucharist symbolizes the presence of Jesus in what is called the "per modum symboli". This definition has its date back to the Christian era of the 4th century according to St. Augustine. The bread and wine do not turn into flesh and blood respectively hence they symbolize. In the taking of Eucharist, Jesus is present in the bread and wine. This significance is special to the believers who take the Eucharist but for those that are non-believers, there is no significa nce as the bread and wine are the bread and wine. In his understanding of the word sacrament, Augustine described a sacrament as a visible word that is the communication form God and the sacred reality symbol. However, he did not show any understanding of the invisible and outer reality that is signifies.In his writings, Augustine instructs the newly baptized to recognize what they receive at Eucharist as the blood and body of Christ. It is the blood, which Christ shed at the cross to ensure that there is the forgiveness of sins of humanity and the bread as the body hanging on the cross. Augustine is of the opinion that there is the serving and offering of the body every time participants take the Eucharist. According to Augustine, he ate and drank the body and blood respectively every time he took the Eucharist and ministered it to others. There is the explanation that since Christ on earth took the form of flesh, hence the Eucharist signifies the serving of His body to Christians, and no one takes it unless he or she is a worshipper.It is wrong to state that a symbol is an inferior substitute of that which is absent, but correct to state that a symbol manifests that is present by revealing what is hidden. It ensures that there is the sight of what is beneath the surface. The Eucharistic focus is on the communal act involving the breaking and sharing of bread understood as the symbol of God's continuous nurturing of His people. It symbolizes the mutual flowing, both in and out, of His divine love to the people.As a symbol, the Eucharist changes its visible form. For there to be the presence of Christ as a whole, there must be the soul, divinity, blood, and body. With this in mind, then the bread and blood cannot remain as they are but must transform to ensure that Christ's glorified body and blood are present. The bread cannot be bread in substance form, but the Body of Christ and the wine becomes Christ's blood. In addition, Christ himself does not say, ".Th is bread is my body," instead he states, "This is my body." This means that he recognized that the bread he used was a symbol of his body and that bread was not in its physical form as it appeared with the naked eyes to those present with him at that particular time. Even after the Mass is over, the consecrated wine and bread do not cease to be Christ's blood and body respectively. Firstly, the two are not bread and wine. Secondly, when the two items change, their presence is supposed to endure as long as there is the subsisting of the Eucharistic species as in the Catechism number 1377.Augustine defines a sign as something that influences the senses and thoughts. In simpler terms, it is an element intermediating between the signified object and the person perceiving it. The Eucharist is a sign of Jesus Christ, not the physical Jesus but the Risen Christ. The Eucharist is a sign of the believers' salvation accomplished by Jesus Christ on the cross. Therefore, the Eucharist is a than ksgiving praise sacrifice resulting from the work of creation. In this sacrifice, God loves His creation that he signals by ensuring His son died and resurrected. The church is in a position to offer this sacrifice through Jesus Christ. To the believers, the risen Christ calls them not to resist the turning of despair into hope and death giving birth to life. There is the request of believers to love others as the Risen Christ loves them. As there is metabolizes of wine and bread and the turning of human cells into actions, divinity allows the believers to participate in God's activities.Sins of human beings make it impossible for them to share in God's life. Sin in this case is an obstacle that hinders human being from God. Jesus Christ's death was a sacrifice for the sins of humankind ensuring that there was the removal of this obstacle. As a sign, the Eucharist signals the conquering of sin and death while ensuring that Christians are reconciled with God. The Eucharist memorizes this sacrifice. The church comes together in the remembrance and the representation of Christ's sacrifice. There is the sharing of this sacrifice through the priest's actions and the Holy Spirit's power. It joins the Christian's in the sacrifice and receiving the benefits of these actions.The Eucharist signals the singing of the glory to God by the church, as a sacrifice on behalf of the rest of ... How is a Sacrament Both a Sign and a Symbol Research Paper - 1375 Words How is a Sacrament Both a Sign and a Symbol? (Research Paper Sample) Content: NameProfessor's nameCourse numberDateSACRAMENTS BOTH A SIGN AND A SYMBOLThe definition of a sacrament as defined by the Catholic Church Catechism is a sign of grace whose institution was by Christ. This ensures that those who partake it receive God's life through the Holy Spirit's work and was entrusted to the church. The word Sacramentum in Latin means "a sign of the sacred" . There are seven sacraments in Catholic Church, which are ceremonies showing what is sacred and significant to Christians. Hence, there is the interpretation that the Sacraments are God's grace instruments and signs. The seven sacraments are Baptism, Eucharist, Reconciliation, Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, Marriage, and Confirmation. However, for simplicity the study will focus on Eucharist.The study of sacraments is a bit complex; there is the need to clarify the meaning of the two terminologies: sign and symbol for a better understanding and enhance the ability to distingui sh the two. Symbol is definable as something representing another, one to one meaning. In its deeper meaning, a symbol is in its Greek form Symbaleo means, "throw together". In the study of sacraments then, symbol is a visible reality and invisible reality thrown together. The wine and bread in visible reality continue to exist as wine and bread although they become Christ blood and wine respectively. A sign, on the other hand, is a representation of something else. Sacraments are signs; symbols with deeper meanings.The Eucharist symbolizes the presence of Jesus in what is called the "per modum symboli". This definition has its date back to the Christian era of the 4th century according to St. Augustine. The bread and wine do not turn into flesh and blood respectively hence they symbolize. In the taking of Eucharist, Jesus is present in the bread and wine. This significance is special to the believers who take the Eucharist but for those that are non-believers, there is no significa nce as the bread and wine are the bread and wine. In his understanding of the word sacrament, Augustine described a sacrament as a visible word that is the communication form God and the sacred reality symbol. However, he did not show any understanding of the invisible and outer reality that is signifies.In his writings, Augustine instructs the newly baptized to recognize what they receive at Eucharist as the blood and body of Christ. It is the blood, which Christ shed at the cross to ensure that there is the forgiveness of sins of humanity and the bread as the body hanging on the cross. Augustine is of the opinion that there is the serving and offering of the body every time participants take the Eucharist. According to Augustine, he ate and drank the body and blood respectively every time he took the Eucharist and ministered it to others. There is the explanation that since Christ on earth took the form of flesh, hence the Eucharist signifies the serving of His body to Christians, and no one takes it unless he or she is a worshipper.It is wrong to state that a symbol is an inferior substitute of that which is absent, but correct to state that a symbol manifests that is present by revealing what is hidden. It ensures that there is the sight of what is beneath the surface. The Eucharistic focus is on the communal act involving the breaking and sharing of bread understood as the symbol of God's continuous nurturing of His people. It symbolizes the mutual flowing, both in and out, of His divine love to the people.As a symbol, the Eucharist changes its visible form. For there to be the presence of Christ as a whole, there must be the soul, divinity, blood, and body. With this in mind, then the bread and blood cannot remain as they are but must transform to ensure that Christ's glorified body and blood are present. The bread cannot be bread in substance form, but the Body of Christ and the wine becomes Christ's blood. In addition, Christ himself does not say, ".Th is bread is my body," instead he states, "This is my body." This means that he recognized that the bread he used was a symbol of his body and that bread was not in its physical form as it appeared with the naked eyes to those present with him at that particular time. Even after the Mass is over, the consecrated wine and bread do not cease to be Christ's blood and body respectively. Firstly, the two are not bread and wine. Secondly, when the two items change, their presence is supposed to endure as long as there is the subsisting of the Eucharistic species as in the Catechism number 1377.Augustine defines a sign as something that influences the senses and thoughts. In simpler terms, it is an element intermediating between the signified object and the person perceiving it. The Eucharist is a sign of Jesus Christ, not the physical Jesus but the Risen Christ. The Eucharist is a sign of the believers' salvation accomplished by Jesus Christ on the cross. Therefore, the Eucharist is a than ksgiving praise sacrifice resulting from the work of creation. In this sacrifice, God loves His creation that he signals by ensuring His son died and resurrected. The church is in a position to offer this sacrifice through Jesus Christ. To the believers, the risen Christ calls them not to resist the turning of despair into hope and death giving birth to life. There is the request of believers to love others as the Risen Christ loves them. As there is metabolizes of wine and bread and the turning of human cells into actions, divinity allows the believers to participate in God's activities.Sins of human beings make it impossible for them to share in God's life. Sin in this case is an obstacle that hinders human being from God. Jesus Christ's death was a sacrifice for the sins of humankind ensuring that there was the removal of this obstacle. As a sign, the Eucharist signals the conquering of sin and death while ensuring that Christians are reconciled with God. The Eucharist memorizes this sacrifice. The church comes together in the remembrance and the representation of Christ's sacrifice. There is the sharing of this sacrifice through the priest's actions and the Holy Spirit's power. It joins the Christian's in the sacrifice and receiving the benefits of these actions.The Eucharist signals the singing of the glory to God by the church, as a sacrifice on behalf of the rest of ...
Sunday, May 17, 2020
Disasters Caused The World Since The Beginning - 1500 Words
Calamities have plagued the world since the beginning. The twentieth century, no exception. Millions lost their lives in World wars one and two, diseases spread like wild fire in foreign countries, and poverty was striking the world. Isolated events bearing striking similarities to these were in no short supply either. At this time, no event may have been worse than the sinking of the Titanic. The European designed and manufactured luxury ship boasted a length of 883 feet and was described, billed and sold as ââ¬Å"The unsinkable shipâ⬠. This behemoth, massive ship weighed well over fifty thousand tons and dominated the Atlantic for her maiden voyage. The Titanic, like many other entities of the time, was not immune to calamity. Off the coast of the United States of America, the Titanic struck an iceberg and sank to the bottom of the ocean. Claiming over one thousand lives, the wreckage of the Titanic left few survivors. But, results of a new study indicate the Titanic may have a hidden secret, one that was not intended for the world to find out; a secret flaw that may have decided the fate of thousands in a minute. In the words of John F. Kennedy in the 1960ââ¬â¢s regarding yet another calamity of the era, a day that will live in infamy. The world the passengers of the titanic knew was a world of difference compared to our own. Much of the world in Europe was seperated a single line, the line of poverty. The higher class were business owners and monopoly caretakers. While the poorShow MoreRelatedDisasters Caused By Natural Disasters1175 Words à |à 5 Pages Disasters are a series of disruptions involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and effects, which exceeds the capability of that affected community to cope up with its already present resources. Disasters have been happening ever since the beginning of time. Every disaster can be classified as either a human caused disaster which basically involves the negligence or irresponsibility of one single person or a group of people, or natural caused disasters. Natural disastersRead MoreHurricanes and Earthquakes1652 Words à |à 7 Pagesnatural disasters in the United States. They can be very disastrous and deadly. In the United States, t here have been 73 hurricanes since 1954. Earthquakes are harder to detect because they have to have at least a magnitude of 5 (Earthquakes per year, 2009). The amount of earthquakes detected in the United States was 1656 in the past 10 years (Earthquakes per year, 2009). The World Meteorological Organization is the organization that can choose the names of hurricanes. At the beginning of theRead MoreInternational Committee Of The Red Cross1281 Words à |à 6 Pageseither because of natural disasters or armed conflicts. Across the decades, this concept has been changing; it was never the same. At the beginning it was only focused on certain type of people, such as soldiers. Nowadays, humanitarianism embrace all people without discrimination of any type. Over time the world is experiencing new and stronger natural disasters due to climate change; moreover, wars and conflicts between nations continue to create catastrophes all around the world. If humanitarian organizationsRead MoreCi elo Caldelas. Mrs. Gallos. English Iii Honors. 6 April1598 Words à |à 7 PagesHunger Many children in this world suffer everyday in very different ways. Suffering ways could be the loss of shelter or having a very chronic disease. ââ¬Å"We could start with hunger and malnutrition, which kill 3.1 million children under the age of five every yearâ⬠(McGowan 8). Hunger is considered one of those ways and also causes other suffering barriers. Hunger is the craving and want of food. At times hunger causes a person to become very weak. Hunger has caused many child deaths throughoutRead MoreMan s Relationship With Nature1438 Words à |à 6 Pages Nature is a marvelous and fascinating topic studied by man for centries. Since the beginning of human civilization, man is in a constant battle against nature. Man tries and tries to cultivate the wild side of nature but fails. We know more about the moon then the bottom of the ocean. Humans don t depend on the environment, they take advantage and discard the effects, while nature sits and halts waiting to strike back. Throughout the progression of the human timeline, catastrophic events almostRead MoreChernobyl: One of the Greatest Accidents the World Would Learn From1714 Words à |à 7 PagesThe world has seen numerous engineering disasters and from each one, has gained insight to better prepare for future calamities. However, it is very difficult to fully foresee how an accident might occur just by looking back to past disasters. In addition, it is even harder to prepare for something that hasnââ¬â¢t even happened before. The Chernobyl accident is a prime example of an event that couldnââ¬â¢t be fully prevented just by looking to past disasters or even predicting this exact accident. PsychologicalRead MoreA Narrative on Terrorism670 Words à |à 3 PagesNarrative on terrorism There have been occurrences of some major natural disasters over the recent times, this have had great impact on families and lives of many people. The event that has had a great impact to me is the recent occurrence of the September 11 terrorist attacks. These events made headlines in media all over the world in newspapers as well as television got an in depth detail of the occurrence that had a great impact on me ,I failed to understand how terrorists could be so evilRead MoreThe Tragic Downfall Of Creon s Antigone 1260 Words à |à 6 Pageslargely affects the plotââ¬â¢s actions. Creon manages to extend and enlarge the disaster by sentencing Antigone to death, rejecting Haemonââ¬â¢s wisdom, berating Tiresiasââ¬â¢ prophecy, and ignoring the Leaderââ¬â¢s advice. The motive for Creonââ¬â¢s change attributes primarily to the expediency of the decision to free Antigone and have Polynices buried, which may have influenced Haemonââ¬â¢s and Antigoneââ¬â¢s actions. Creon initially extends the disaster of the plot by sentencing Antigone to death after he discovers her involvementRead MoreA Country Of Chaos : Haiti1635 Words à |à 7 Pagesthey have a lot of natural disasters, they have a history of an unstable government, and they have a poor healthcare system. Since Haiti is located between tectonic plates, it is prone to natural disasters. Natural disasters have forced the country farther into poverty due to the cost of damages. A good example is the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010. The earthquake caused billions of dollarsââ¬â¢ worth of damages. Haiti was already a very poor country before the disaster, but the earthquake forcedRead MoreThe Effects Of Renewable Energy On The United States1550 Words à |à 7 Pages Renewable Energy In the 1960ââ¬â¢s and 1970ââ¬â¢s a movement regarding the physical environment began, this movement focused on a few environmental issues and disasters caused directly or indirectly by pollution. As the years progressed, this movement grew into a multifaceted activist movement gaining more attention in the US, more often referred as ââ¬Å"Environmentalismâ⬠or ââ¬Å"Environmental Activismâ⬠. As the human race realized the physical environment is fragile and thus must be protected, scientists started
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Malcom X And The Allegory Of The Cave - 854 Words
Education is a life-altering event that involves becoming more open- minded. When oneââ¬â¢s horizons are expanded they begin to understand and view more. The process of becoming knowledgeable through education can differ from the individual or situation. The overall experience as well can change the perception. Two passages, ââ¬Å"Learning to Readâ⬠by Malcom X and ââ¬Å"The Allegory of the Caveâ⬠by Plato both contain an individual who goes through the path of gaining wisdom. Although both passages contain similarities involving one going through an experience resulting in the enlightenment of education, there are several differences in how the acknowledgement is approached and the type of predicament the individual is in. The situation before the awakening in both passages involves being imprisoned and living in the mindset of ignorance. Each predicament of one has a huge influence on how the wisdom is obtained. The prisoner in ââ¬Å"The Allegory of the Caveâ⬠has lived inside the cave since early childhood where his legs and feet were chained to prevent any kind of movement and from turning his head. (Plato 1). Because the cave dweller was restrained from movement, he was unable to escape ignorance and was not able to gain knowledge. Malcom X as well was illiterate because African Americans at that time were not exposed to education. The black race in America was living in ââ¬Å"deafness, dumbness, and blindnessâ⬠(Malcom X 1). In order to liberate ignorance and to begin the journey ofShow MoreRelatedWhy Do People Do For College? Essay2195 Words à |à 9 Pagesat college through this perspective. You hear the statistics of rich people who never went to college and say ââ¬Å"hey, maybe I donââ¬â¢t need college.â⬠But thatââ¬â¢s the issue. People donââ¬â¢t want to put the work into it. Malcom X for example. He talks about in his book, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, that before he went to prison he did not feel that he needed to go to college. Or any schooling for that matter. But once in prison, he learned what education can do for a man. So he worked hard, actually reading
ONeils arguement on education Essay Example For Students
ONeils arguement on education Essay Eng 102 project 14/8/1997 ONeills Debate on Education Students are not getting the Basic Knowledge needed today due to the poor upbringing and lack of respect for the need of education. In ONeills editorial his reason for this was because the students as a whole did not want their ignorance exposed. However, he forgot to include that teachers are just as ignorant as the student. Give a teacher the same test and see hoe much they remember about what they we taught some odd number of years ago. Its not safe to assume that because a person cant remember who the 31st president was, that they dont have the basics of gobble history . How many teachers know the basics, if asked on the spot. Lets Examine another quote from ONeills editorial in his opine Charie Chaplin a classic movie star, and that because when asked about him no one know who he was, Well , if the students didnt watch old TV shows on the late night TV channels then how would they know of Charlie? They dont cover a class in classic television. There fore that question would be unfair to pit on the test. ONeills just assume that everyone is raised in the same back ground as him. Charles Darwin did not create gravity but he did believe in evolution. The concept that we were originated from organs to monkeys then humans. In church we stray away from that kind of talk that is the devil trying to score your mind thats what they would say. ONeill says I broke the rules of this time-honored gam when I presented my English-composition students with an 86 question test the first day of class. Know that all students think of doing the first day of class. Concentrating on a 86 question test is a common students retinal. The student always for every question read it through out and back and forward. ONeill told the students that the students that it wouldnt be graded. Any time you tell students that, automatically that means just fill it out. As long as it get done. You cant go by a test like that for the simple fact that there is know evidence each and every one gave it a true try. Sure they finished the test but did they even read it. When students in the hall where stopped and asked to fill out the questions stated on the handout the results where the same. Charles Darwin invented electricity. Christ was born around Elviss birthday. The geographical part of the test was outstandingly wrong. The samples given out were to p rove student dont take that stuff serious. They see words with answers. Students just want to get the test over and move on. When the questioners were told a free candy bar ( only 5 people were ask told this.) if they could score majority right. do you know 3 of them got 10 out of 15 questions right. They took time and really thought about it. Students did learn the lesson then it was taught in school. All they had to do was stay out of trouble and not interrupt the often students with there learning. When a student is kick out of school and at home what are they doing to replace to time spent out of school. They either not at home or getting ready to leave. Their parents dont bother to physically correct them.They figure why bother they probly do it again. Then the parents give up hope and with out the parents help of confidence the student modifies change from suicides to get by. More and more student are just getting by they dont bother learn to remember for good. They remember f or know. Just enough to get them through the year then they for get every thing they where tested on. Even if they got As on the test they for get over half of it. .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .postImageUrl , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:hover , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:visited , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:active { border:0!important; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:active , .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9 .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0325869dcf2a5d764a6e1fee904870c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Synopsis of the Ethics of Confucianism EssayYour whole life your learning things that every onesays you are going to need to know that. Its hard to comprehend what you need to know to get by and what you need to know. The funny thing is youth today are not getting the knowledge they need but they are doing the best with the know how they got to work with. Category: English
Monday, April 20, 2020
The Butterfly Effect free essay sample
It is often said that the things you come to appreciate and value the most are the things that you stumble upon accidentally, the things that you would have never noticed had it not been for one chance encounter, one simple glance, one moment that you strayed off the worn and beaten path. After a while, you begin to wonder how your life would have been different if you never met that person, or walked down that sidewalk, or picked up that phone. I begin to ask myself the inevitable series of questions that comes after that sudden realization. What if I had never gone to that birthday party? What if I had never said yes? What if I had never gone back?Eventually, you come to cherish these moments, these people, with all your heart. You never want them to leave you, you never want to imagine a life without them, and you can never bring yourself to forget them. We will write a custom essay sample on The Butterfly Effect or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The best opportunities only come once in a lifetime, and once you have them, you should never let them go, no matter what sacrifices must be made. I used to be a very shy and quiet kid. You would seldom find me without a book in my hands, and it was rather difficult to get me to interact with other kids. I never did well in group projects, and I broke down when I got stuck with someone I didnââ¬â¢t know. Over the years, I developed a shell around myself that closed me off from the rest of the world, a shell that only I could truly understand, a shell that only my true best friends could ever break. One of these best friends decided to invite me to a birthday part that she was throwing at a local Laser-X. I agreed to go, and unknowingly signed away what could have been my life. The birthday part was truly a wonderful experience, even though I lost most of the rounds of laser tag. But the defining moment of the entire party was the challenge at the Dance-Dance Revolution game. I had watched two girl face each other, both doing pretty well. Better than anything I could do, I thought. As their song ended, the taller of the two stepped down. The other girl asked if anybody wanted to face her. Hereââ¬â¢s my chance! I spoke up, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll play against you.â⬠She nodded and smiled at me, brushing her curly brunette hair out of her face, ââ¬Å"Okay, you want to pick the song?â⬠When the song was over, we both eagerly awaited for the scores to appear on the screen. When they did, I was in shock. A girl had beaten me. Oh man, this is terrible I thought. I sucked up what little pride I had left, and I offered her a high five, as I said, ââ¬Å"Good game.â⬠She looked at me, quizzically at first. Then she saw my hand. ââ¬Å"Yeah, good game.â⬠She high fived me back, without halting to glare at me with spiteful eyes, like so many other girls had done to me before. The shell splintered ever so slightly. Secretly, I had hoped that I would see her again, even though all the odds told me that I wouldnââ¬â¢t. I didnââ¬â¢t even know her name. But Fate bet against those odds, and we met each other again at our freshmen orientation. After many boring speeches given by school officials and class representatives alike, the orientation wound to a close. I found myself impatiently wandering around the parking lot, looking for my momââ¬â¢s bright red van. Disappointed and bored, I ventured back into the school to wait for her inside. Thatââ¬â¢s when I saw the girl again. She had just stepped out of the auditorium, and was making her way towards the door, her brother in tow. Instantly, I recognized her brother. From the look in his eyes, he recognized me as well. I approached them, and nervously acknowledge the girl, ââ¬Å"Hi, I remember you from that birthday party.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yeah, I played against you in DDR.â⬠She sounded nervous as well, but still a smile spread across her face. We talked for a little while longer, and I managed to learn her name, as well as her email address. As they left, I repeated her name over and over again in my head. The shell had begun to crack. During the first few weeks of school, we would sometimes run into each other in the pale white hallways of the freshman academy. We would talk for a little while, and then go about our day. It seemed that we were destined to be friends, and little more than that. . . But Fate was relentless, and it offered up another choice, another chance. Kelli and her brother invited me over to their house a couple of days later, and for the first time in my life, I truly felt in love. Even though all we did was play video games and watch television, I felt like myself around someone. For that moment, the shell had been cracked open. Before I knew it, I found myself sheepishly asking her if she would be my girlfriend. I was so nervous, I was shaking as I asked her. But when she said yes, my whole world was turned upside-down, and I knew from that point on, that nothing would ever be the same again. The shell had shattered, the pieces scattering far and wide. As Iââ¬â¢m looking back at everything that has transpired over the past three years, all the memories flood my mind, and pure joy washes over me. Even as I struggle to put my thoughts onto paper, the memories stand out like red paint on the canvas of life. Our first date at the Johnny Appleseed festival, and how we tried to hide the fact that we were holding hands. Our first accidental kiss as we left school for the weekend, that left us both excited and scared. Our first real kiss on her back porch, that left us both blushing and giddy. The many after-school Fridays that we have shared watching movies, playing video games, and talking. The numerous nights we lost ourselves in conversation until two in the morning. The few moments that it seemed our flame would go out, and the moments where we talked out our problems and rekindled the dying fire. So many pivotal moments, where one simple change, one chance happening could have changed everything, for better or worse. I have always been a believer in Fate, and even now I believe that things happen to us that we have no power to change. But when Fate gives you the moment of chance, you have to choose to take hold of your fate. Simply relying on chance alone holds no guarantee that you will find what you seek. Harry Browne once said, ââ¬Å"You are where you are today because you have chosen to be there.â⬠At the end, that is what it comes down to. You have the power to choose to accept or decline the perfect opportunities that Fate drops right in front of you. For your sake, I hope you choose correctly.
Sunday, March 15, 2020
Quines son indocumentados y cules son sus derechos
Quines son indocumentados y cules son sus derechos La definicià ³n de los indocumentados en Estados Unidos es clara. Son los extranjeros que no tienen estatus migratorio legal y su presencia en los Estados Unidos es objeto de gran debate polà tico. En este artà culo se explica quià ©nes son indocumentados, cules son sus nà ºmeros y procedencia, quà © sucede si son arrestados, por quà © no regularizan su situacià ³n y, finalmente, cules son sus derechos. Quià ©nes son los indocumentados en Estados Unidos Son las personas de otros paà ses que se encuentran en Estados Unidos yà carecen de estatus legal desde el punto de vista de las leyes migratorias. En general, hay 3à formas en las que un extranjero se convierte en indocumentado: En primer lugar, por cruzar la frontera sin ser examinado por un oficial de inmigracià ³n que autoriza la entrada como admitido o parole. El caso tà pico es el de cruzar la frontera entre Mà ©xico y Estados Unidos, principalmente por el desierto. Esta es una actividad cada vez ms difà cil, por el incremento de seguridad en la frontera. Y tambià ©n muy peligrosa, por el tipo de personas inescrupulosas que controlan el cruce ilegal de la frontera y tambià ©n porque cada vez se realiza ms por rutas que cruzan el desierto durante varios dà as, lo cual hace que decenas de personas fallezcan cada aà ±o por deshidratacià ³n. Cruzar ilegalmente la frontera se considera como la forma ms frecuente de convertirse en indocumentado. Por la propia naturaleza de que este cruce no est registrado es difà cil realizar un clculo exacto. Pero se considera que aproximadamente por cada migrante arrestado cuando intentaba ingresar ilegalmente, 2 migrantes lo han conseguido.à En segundo lugar, entrar con una visa o legalmente como la tarjeta de Cruce o una ESTA por ser de un paà s en el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados y quedarse ms all del tiempo autorizado. En el aà ±o fiscal 2015 un total de 525,127 migrantes lo hicieron. Esto es lo que tambià ©n se conoce como overstay de la visa y tiene serias consecuencias. Y, en tercer lugar, cometer unaà violacià ³n migratoria.à Un caso tà pico, es trabajar sin autorizacià ³n. Nà ºmero de indocumentados en EE.UU. y origen Se estima que aproximadamente en la actualidad hay unos 11.3 millonesà de indocumentados, este nà ºmero es menor al mximo histà ³rico del aà ±o 2000. El 52 por ciento del total de indocumentados ha nacido en Mà ©xico. Es decir, aproximadamente 6.5 millones de personas. El segundo paà s con ms indocumentados es El Salvador, con ms de medio millà ³n, seguido de Guatemala y Honduras. Muchos indocumentados forman parte de los que se conoce como familias mixtas, es decir, uno o varios de sus miembros carecen de estatus legal y otros son residentes permanentes o, incluso, ciudadanos americanos. Se estima que en la actualidad aproximadamente 4 millones de nià ±os estadounidenses tienen al menos un progenitor que es indocumentado. Pero estos infantes nada pueden hacer por sus padres, desde el punto de vista migratorio, hasta cumplir los 21 aà ±os. E incluso entonces no siempre es posible solucionar el problema. Indocumentado e ilegal Sà , desde el punto de vista migratorio es lo mismo un indocumentado que un ilegal. Sin embargo, se considera polà ticamente incorrecto dentro de la comunidad latina llamar ilegal a una persona sin estatus migratorio en regla. De hecho, existe una fuerte campaà ±a meditica para conseguir que los medios de comunicacià ³n eviten el uso de esa palabra, que se considera despectiva y que se use exclusivamente la de indocumentado. Quà © les puede suceder a los indocumentados si son detenidos por la migra Los indocumentados pueden ser enviados a prisià ³n mientras se tramita su caso. De hecho, como media cada dà a hay ms de 31 mil migrantes detenidos. Adems, pueden ser deportados, expulsados inmediatamente, liberados o pueden incluso en casos muy particulares ajustar su estatus y obtener asà la green card. Cabe destacar que algunos migrantes aunque teà ³ricamente son indocumentados estn protegidos frente a la deportacià ³n, como por ejemplo los muchachos que en su dà a aplicaron por DACA y estn renovando el programa. En la actualidad, estas son lasà categorà as de prioridades de deportacià ³nà establecidas por orden ejecutiva de Donald Trump. Cà ³mo un indocumentado puede regularizar su situacià ³n No es imposible pero es difà cil. Y es que a diferencia de lo que ocurre en otros paà ses en Estados Unidos no existe la posibilidad de regularizar la situacià ³n por radicar en el paà s por un nà ºmero de aà ±os. (No es verdad que si se viven 10 aà ±os se obtiene la green card. Eso es un malentendido de una medida de alivio que existe en algunos casos de procedimientos de deportacià ³n ante un juez migratorio). Estas son 15 posibilidades de legalizacià ³n de indocumentados. En ocasiones es necesario pedir un perdà ³n y obtener su aprobacià ³n. Estas son las opciones para solicitar un perdà ³n migratorio, tambià ©n conocido como waiver. Son situaciones muy particulares y delicadas por lo que es aconsejable hablar con un abogado especialista en esos temas, si es posible y si no al menos ponerse en contacto con una organizacià ³n reputada de ayuda legal a migrantes o con clà nicas legales de universidades. Derechos de los indocumentados Uno de los conocimientos ms importantes para los migrantes indocumentados esà saber cà ³mo hacer para saber si un indocumentado est detenido por la migra. Tambià ©n es importante saber que se tienen derechos, como a recibir el salario mà nimo por el trabajo realizado, a no ser abusado en el trabajo, a recibir ciertas prestaciones sociales, como asistencia mà ©dica de urgencia o alimentos por el programa WIC para lactantes y embarazadas.à Adems, algunos estados algunas categorà as deà inmigrantes indocumentados son considerados como PRUCOL. En estos casos podrà an tener acceso a beneficios sociales de los que con carcter general estn excluidos los migrantes sin papeles. Asimismo, no olvidar que todos los nià ±os tienen derecho a la educacià ³n obligatoria, sean ellos indocumentados o sà ³lo sus paps. Estos son los puntos bsicos que se recomienda conocer sobre el sistema educativo en Estados Unidos.à Todos los nià ±os tienen derecho a la mejor educacià ³n disponible. Es de Justicia y se juegan, en muchos casos, su futuro. Por à ºltimo no olvidar que Estados Unidos es un paà s muy grande y que los estados tienen distintas posiciones respecto a los indocumentados. Mientras que algunos permiten derechos como la licencia de manejar otros han aprobado leyes que hacen muy difà cil vivir el dà a a dà a. Es por eso que conviene pensar bien dà ³nde vivir, si es que hay esa opcià ³n. Tambià ©n recordar que algunas ciudades mantienen polà ticas pro-inmigrantes. Por ejemplo, convirtià ©ndose en ciudades-santuario que no comparten informacià ³n con Inmigracià ³n o emitiendo I.D. para poder abrir cuentas de banco, canjear cheques, etc. Adems, los consulados de varios paà ses emiten matrà culas consulares que pueden utilizarse como I.D. para gestiones como probar identidad para solicitar permiso de manejar en los estados que lo permiten, etc. Este es un artà culo informativo. No es asesorà a legal.
Friday, February 28, 2020
Communication Development Plan Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Communication Development Plan - Case Study Example Alex's communication skills are widely affected by his AS. In his zeal to make friends, he injects himself into the games and conversations of his classmates without regard to the extent of his welcome. He tends to try to take over and dominate games, frequently imposing his own rules that favor him and/or are inconsistent with the rules that are already established. He becomes easily frustrated when he is unable to perform an action that is required during an activity, and will have a meltdown as a result. He sometimes makes comments to his playmates that he means to be playful but which are actually offensive, without understanding the potential effects of his words. Alex also frequently misinterprets the meaning of statements that are made to him, becoming upset or otherwise reacting inappropriately to the nature of others' comments. He also fails to detect the non-verbal cues of others that indicate how they would like him to interact with them. For example, if someone consistent ly walks away from Alex he may tend to pursue them until they interact with him. In formulating intervention strategies, it is important to identify the goals that need to be achieved to make Alex's communication skills as functional as possible. ... Essentially, Alex will learn to market himself to potential playmates and encourage others to want him to play with them, as opposed to simply injecting himself into their play. A second goal for Alex's communication skills is to listen and adapt to the preferences of others once they have accepted him into their play group. He must transition from being dominant and imposing to being flexible and collaborative. Alex should be able to work effectively as a part of a team and be considerate of the ideas and insights that others bring to the table. Alex should also be able to detect the non-verbal cues of others that indicate when they are becoming displeased with his behavior, whether or not the sentiment is warranted. Third, Alex must be able to keep his emotional meltdowns in check. This requires knowing the triggers and avoiding them well before they become an issue. Ultimately, Alex will have devices and "safe places" he can utilize to keep himself focused and together during frustrating or overly stimulating events. He will learn to notice the signs of an impending meltdown, be able to call upon the appropriate refocusing action, and be able to independently bring himself back to a functional mental and emotional state, without needing to rely on the intervention of others. Finally, Alex will grasp the importance of being subtle, polite and diplomatic when it comes to choosing when and how to state his observations. He will grasp that it is not always appropriate to state what he sees, especially when doing so could be hurtful to another's feelings. On the flip side, Alex will be able to discern sarcasm and innuendo in the statements of others, as opposed to the literal interpretations of statements that mark his current
Tuesday, February 11, 2020
EFFECTS OF WORKING MEMORY DEMAND ON PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL STRESS Essay
EFFECTS OF WORKING MEMORY DEMAND ON PERFORMANCE AND MENTAL STRESS DURING THE STROOP TASK - Essay Example Mental stress results from the lack of balance between external requirements, and the ability of the individual to accomplish them. Mentally or emotionally related stress influences the daily life of a human being, and his or her performance. If one becomes exposed to extreme mental stress, it affects the nervous system, and can affect their performance severely. Most of the stressors associated with human computer interaction occur as a result of massive workloads, a lot of work pressure, job control tasks that are not efficient, and which are also monotonous, poor relationships between supervisors and the supervised. It is suggestive of the demand/control model of work strain, that little control and low social supports happen to be demanding. Working in shifts, factors that are human related and ergonomics have an association with mental stress. A dependable amount of evidence shows that heart diseases have links with extreme work demand. Therefore, evaluating the rate of heart ac tivity can help in gauging occupational risks. This studys purpose is to measure mental stress and monitor the heart rate variability during the low and high working memory (WM), needs affected by Stroop interference. The other aim is to measure the performance and time taken to respond during the Stroop task and to study their drift during high and low working memory demands. The third aim is to foresee the affiliation between mental stress and functioning. In carrying out the study, the rate of the heart should be recorded during both rest period, and also during the performance of a Stroop task. Both the high and low working memories are acquired by raising the amount of Stroop interference. The time taken to respond and the performance are computed for every hard stage of the Stroop task. This should be computed during the high and low working memory demand. Stress that is as a result of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) has links to the increased danger of
Friday, January 31, 2020
The Experience of Ethnic Minority Workers Essay Example for Free
The Experience of Ethnic Minority Workers Essay EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report describes the findings of a qualitative research project, The Experience of Ethnic Minority and Migrant Workers in the Hotel and Catering Industry: Routes to Support and Advice on Workplace Problems, funded by the European Social Fund and Acas and carried out by the Working Lives Research Institute at London Metropolitan University. The research provides evidence of the conditions faced by ethnic minority and migrant workers in the hotel and restaurant sector, an industry already known for its harsh working environment. In-depth interviews with 50 ethnic minority and migrant workers in London, the West Midlands and the South West were carried out between May 2005 and May 2006. In addition, interviews were held with key informants to provide contextual information on features and trends within the sector. The key findings of the research are summarised here. Working conditions in hotels and restaurants â⬠¢ Cash-in-hand, undeclared or under-declared, and illegal working was found among the ethnic minority and migrant restaurant workers interviewed, and affected both employment conditions and rates of pay. This was prevalent in small, ethnic minority-owned restaurants, usually employing members of the same ethnic group. The National Minimum Wage (NMW) was the rate commonly paid to basic grade staff, including bar and restaurant staff, hotel porters and housekeeping staff, particularly outside of London. The research also found a high incidence of flat rate payments per shift or per week, regardless of hours worked, below the NMW, often paid cash-in-hand. Long hours working was a further feature. Full-time workers did a minimum 40-hour week, with 50 to 60 hours a week being common, particularly in restaurants. Late night working, or until the last customer left, was often expected without extra pay. Some felt that they had no life outside work due to the long hours demanded by the job. In some instances, individuals had several jobs to earn money to support family or send back home. There was low awareness of holiday and leave entitlements. Very few workers received more than the statutory entitlement to four weeksââ¬â¢ holiday. Some reported getting no paid holidays or receiving less than the legal minimum, and there was generally low awareness of holiday entitlement. In small restaurants there was sometimes an informal policy of two weeksââ¬â¢ leave. It was common for workers to have received no written statements of particulars or contracts. This was found among both informally and legitimately employed workers, and was a source of anxiety for several. â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ 1 â⬠¢ There were poor perceptions of job security in the sector. Few workers felt secure in their employment, often feeling they could be sacked on the spot, particularly those working informally. Some longer-term workers in regular employment were aware that increasing use of casual and agency staff meant that their jobs were not secure. Training available to migrant workers, particularly in restaurants, was minimal, usually only in basic health and safety, hygiene or fire procedures. In some hotels, however, managers had recognised the neglect of training in the past and were offering staff the chance to pursue National Vocational Qualifications. â⬠¢ Problems at work â⬠¢ There was a high degree of acceptance of the poor working conditions in the sector among interviewees, with issues such as low pay, long hours, unpaid overtime and poor health and safety standards often not perceived as particular ââ¬Å"problemsâ⬠but rather viewed as the nature of work in the sector. Where problems were identified these related to: pay; long working hours; workload; getting time off; bullying and verbal abuse, including racial harassment; problems getting on with colleagues; English language skills; and theft of property from work. Bullying and verbal abuse was common, particularly in kitchens where chefs were often known as bullies, but this was accepted by some as ââ¬Å"just the mentality of the kitchenâ⬠. Sometimes the abuse had a racial element, with ââ¬Å"bloody foreignerâ⬠used as a term of abuse. Racist abuse from restaurant customers was also regularly suffered by some waiters. In one hotel, several staff had experienced bullying from a manager, resulting in time off sick with stress. Staff believed there was an ulterior motive of trying to get rid of long-serving employees and replacing them with cheaper casual staff. Opportunities for promotion were felt by several interviewees to be inhibited by discrimination on grounds of race, ethnicity, nationality or age, as well as the limitations imposed by work permit or visa rules. Some long-term workers felt they had been overlooked for promotion, with their age then compounding the problem as employers looked for younger staff to promote and develop. Where employees saw that they had opportunities to progress, this was due to the support of a manager. Opportunities were further limited by employer presumptions about the suitability of staff for ââ¬Å"front-of-houseâ⬠jobs, such as reception or waiter positions, based on ethnicity, gender and age. Some employers expressed preferences for white staff, or a ââ¬Å"balanceâ⬠of white and non-white front-ofà house staff, on the grounds that it was what their customers wanted. The research found that such racial stereotyping was expressed openly in this sector in a way that may not be acceptable in other sectors. â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ 2 â⬠¢ In the main, interviewees did not raise health and safety concerns when discussing problems at work, reflecting an acceptance of the hazards of this type of work. However many issues did arise during the course of interviews, which included: burns and working in hot kitchens; working in a confined space; back and shoulder pains; and tiredness from long working hours and heavy workload. Often, responsibility for health and safety, such as avoiding burns, was seen as primarily belonging to the employee and not the employer. Most workers believed that little could be done to tackle the problems that they were having at work, or felt that the only solution was to leave the job. A handful of workers had taken action to resolve their problems at work, either by raising concerns with their manager, or seeking outside support or advice. â⬠¢ Support, advice and awareness of rights â⬠¢ Workers felt poorly informed about employment rights in the UK, and had little idea of where to get information if they needed it. Many also were unsure about aspects of their own particular terms and conditions of employment, which was related to a lack of written information. As might be expected, those who had been in the UK for a longer time, and the small number who were members of a trade union, felt better informed about their rights at work. Trade unions had been a valuable source of support for a small number of interviewees, but for most workers, unions simply did not feature in their experience of work. But despite the difficulties of organising in the sector, including high staff turnover, no culture of trade unionism and employers that are hostile to trade unions, union membership was growing in one London hotel and catering branch. This was the result of recruitment campaigns that included information in several languages. Some interviewees either had, or would, seek support from community organisations about problems at work. However, there was a variation in the level of community support available in the three regions, with London and the West Midlands having established organisations representing a variety of ethnic groups, but such structures were much less well developed in the South West. Seeking support and advice through community organisations can also be a double-edged sword for those who work for employers within the same ethnic community, with some fearing that if they sought advice, word would get around and they would have problems getting work in future. Of the small number of workers who had sought support for problems at work, Citizenââ¬â¢s Advice, Acas and a specific project for service workers (no longer in existence) had been used. While a small number were aware of Citizenââ¬â¢s Advice, a couple thought that the service excluded them because of its name, which implied to them that it was for British citizens only. â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ 3 Conclusions and recommendations â⬠¢ While many of the working conditions and problems highlighted in this report are common to workers in the sector, the research found several features that serve to differentiate the experience of ethnic minority and migrant workers: immigration status; working in the informal sector; discrimination in the labour market and employment; and low expectations which increase tolerance of poor working conditions. For ethnic minority and migrant workers the difficulties in raising and resolving problems relate both to their own individual vulnerability and characteristics of work in the sector. Recent migrant workers may have limited English language skills and little or no knowledge of UK employment rights and support structures, factors that compound the difficulties of addressing problems in the sector. These include: the perception that there is a ready supply of labour to replace workers who complain; a lack of union organisation; a culture of poor personnel practice, such as minimal training and provision of information; and the informal nature of much employment obtained by ethnic minority and migrant workers in the sector. There appeared also to be a lack of monitoring or enforcement of employersââ¬â¢ compliance with employment legislation in this sector. To understand the different experiences and motivations for ethnic minority and migrant workers working in hotels and restaurants, the research developed a typology of strategies that highlights at one end how some individuals feel they are acting strategically in relation to their work choices, whereas at the other, economic factors and limitations play a greater role in determining their choices. The strategies move from Career progression through Broadening opportunities and Stepping stone to Pragmatic acceptance and No alternative. The research makes a number of recommendations about how the position of this vulnerable group of workers can be improved through better access to employment rights and information, improvements in working conditions and career opportunities, and improved provision of support and advice. â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ 4 1. INTRODUCTION This project, The Experience of Ethnic Minority Workers in the Hotel and Catering Industry: Routes to Support and Advice on Workplace Problems, was funded by the European Social Fund and Acas and carried out by the Working Lives Research Institute, London Metropolitan University between May 2004 and July 2006. The project used qualitative research methods to explore the experiences and problems at work of ethnic minority and migrant workers in hotels and restaurants, with the aim of both identifying the range of experiences and problems encountered, and gaining a greater understanding of access to and use of support and advice to resolve these problems. The research therefore provides evidence of the conditions faced by ethnic minority and migrant workers, which is an area relatively neglected by research so far. Its objective is to inform policy in order to improve good practice in relation to the employment of ethnic minority and migrant workers, to prevent problems from arising, and to improve the support and advice mechanisms available. The key target groups for these research findings and policy objectives are thus employers, statutory bodies, the voluntary sector, trade unions and community groups. 1. 1 Background to the project At the start of the project a working paper (Wright and Pollert, 2005) was prepared to establish the extent of ethnic minority and migrant working in the hotel and restaurant sector, as well as pinpointing the main issues for workers in the sector identified by the existing literature. The working paper is available on the project website1. The paper showed that ethnic minority and migrant workers make up a significant part of the hotel and restaurant workforce ââ¬â almost threefifths (59%) of workers in the sector in London described themselves as other than White British in the 2001 census (Wright and Pollert, 2005: 27). Outside of London the picture reflects the differences in the concentration of the ethnic minority population across the UK. In the West Midlands, where 84% of the hotel and restaurant workforce were White British in 2001, the largest other groups were White other (2. 9%), Bangladeshi (2. 3%) and Indian (2. 2%). The sector is a particularly important source of employment for some groups, with 52% of male Bangladeshi workers employed in restaurants, compared to only 1% of white males (Holgate, 2004: 21). In London, migrant workers (those born outside the UK) account for 60% of those employed in the hotel and restaurant sector (GLA, 2005: 68), compared to 31% of all London workers who were born outside the UK. However there have been important changes in the composition of the hotel and restaurant workforce since the 2001 census, with employers filling vacancies in the sector by employing significant numbers of workers from the East European countries that acceded to the EU in 2004 (known as the A8 countries). The government requires nationals of the A8 countries who wish to work in the UK to register with the Worker Registration Scheme (WRS), and Home Office figures show that of the 375,000 workers registered between May 2004 and March 2006, 22% were working in hospitality and catering (80,570 workers) (Home Office, 1 http://www. workinglives. org/HotelCatering. html 5 2006a). There has, however, been a decline in the proportion of WRS applicants in Hospitality and Catering from 31% in the second quarter of 2004, to 18% in the first quarter of 2006, with Administration, Business and Management now employing greater numbers. The highest proportion of all applicants under the scheme were Polish (61%), followed by Lithuanian (12%) and Slovak (10%). The figures also show a movement of registered workers to other parts of the UK than London, with the percentage applying to London falling from 25% in the second quarter of 2004, to 11% in the first quarter of 2006 (Home Office, 2006a). While working conditions in the industry have been well documented as consisting of low pay, low status, exploitation of employees and lack of unionisation (e. g. Gabriel, 1988; Price, 1994; Head and Lucas, 2004; LPC 2005), little has been written in the UK about the actual experiences of ethnic minority and migrant workers, with much of the existing literature focusing on management behaviour and strategy (Wright and Pollert, 2005). Some recent exceptions include a study of low pay in London (Evans et al, 2005), which included the hotel and catering industry. This study of 341 randomly selected low paid workers contained 90% who were migrants. Of their sample of hotel and hospitality workers, the largest group (two-fifths) were non-British whites, mainly from Eastern Europe, followed by Africans (24%). It found the lowest rates of pay to be in the hotel and catering sector, below contract cleaning, home care and the food industry. Other recent research has considered the experience of Central and East European migrants in low paid employment in the UK in the context of the A8 countries joining the EU, and covers hospitality, along with construction, agriculture and au pairs (Anderson et al, 2006). It is some 15 years since the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE) undertook a formal investigation into recruitment and selection in hotels (CRE, 1991) in response to concern that the sector was failing to consider equal opportunities in employment practices. It found that ethnic minority staff were disproportionately concentrated in unskilled jobs, and found only one ethnic minority manager out of 117 hotels investigated. It made a number of recommendations about how hotels should improve their practices in relation to recruitment, monitoring, positive action and training taking account of equal opportunities issues. However, we have been unable to find evidence of any monitoring or evaluation of whether these recommendations have been heeded or implemented by hotel employers. While knowledge of employment rights among all workers in the UK is poor, it has been shown that vulnerable groups know even less (Pollert, 2005). A random survey of peopleââ¬â¢s awareness of employment rights in the West Midlands found that women, ethnic minorities, young people and the low paid were least likely to be aware of their rights (WMLPU, 2001). The research was undertaken in the context of considerable public debate on migration policy, and at a time when the government was intending to phase out low skilled migration schemes, such as the Sectors Based Scheme, which granted work permits to certain numbers of workers in skills shortage sectors such as hospitality, in the light of new labour available from the European Union (Home Office,2005). At the same time there is increasing concern for ââ¬Å"vulnerableâ⬠workers, and the government has recently published a policy statement on protecting vulnerable workers, defined as ââ¬Å"someone working in an environment where the risk of being denied employment rights is high and who does not have the capacity or means to protect themselves from that abuseâ⬠(DTI, 2006: 25). 6 1. 2 Research aims The research set out to address the following key questions: 1. What are the working conditions of ethnic minority and migrant workers in hotels and restaurants? 2. How are working conditions seen and what are perceived as ââ¬Ëproblemsââ¬â¢, and how does this impact on acceptance of poor working conditions? 3. What type of problems do ethnic minority and migrant workers have working in hotels and restaurants? 4. How do these compare to the problems generally affecting workers in the sector and to what extent are they associated with particular labourmarket niches within the sector to which these workers are confined? If this is so, to what extent is the insecurity of migrant status relevant, or is racial discrimination relevant? 5. How much do ethnic minority and migrant workers in this sector know about their rights at work, and to what extent do ethnic minority and migrant workers in this sector attempt to enforce their legal rights at work, or instead try to find ways to achieve a sufficient income and manageable working conditions, even if this means colluding with illegal employment practices? 6. How much do ethnic minority and migrant workers in this sector know about where to get advice and support for problems at work? And who do they turn to for advice and support? To what extent do ethnic minority and migrant workers in this sector use statutory (i.e. Acas, CRE), voluntary (CABx, local advice agencies), trade union, community (groups or informal contacts through ethnic networks) or informal (friends, family) sources of support and advice? 7. What are the experiences of ethnic minority and migrant workers in this sector of using all these sources of support and advice and what barriers do they face in accessing support and advice for workplace problems? 1. 3 Structure of the report The report describes the research methodology and access routes, together with the characteristics of the interviewees in section 2. The working conditions experienced by interviewees are described in section 3, confirming evidence from much of the existing literature on the sector, but also highlighting where the experience of ethnic minority and migrant workers may be particular. Section 4 describes the problems encountered by interviewees in their jobs in hotels and restaurants, but also considers the attitude of these workers to defining ââ¬Å"problemsâ⬠at work, as well as their approaches to resolving problems and barriers to resolution. The information, support and advice available to and used by the ethnic minority and migrant workers interviewed is explored in section 5, together with their awareness of employment rights in the UK. 7 In section 6 conclusions are drawn about the specific experiences of ethnic minority and migrant workers in the sector, the problems that they face and their need for support and advice, suggesting that changes need to be made to practice within the sector, as well as in improved provision of support to ethnic minority and migrant workers. 8 2. METHODOLOGY The project employed qualitative research methods to gather in-depth accounts of the experiences of 50 ethnic minority and migrant workers. Interviews were carried out between May 2005 and May 2006. In addition, interviews and face-toà face and telephone conversations were held with key informants to provide contextual information on features and trends within the sector affecting ethnic minority and migrant workers. The strengths of using qualitative methods are that they can not only identify tangible issues (the problems themselves, for example), but also more elusive, subjective issues, such as motivation, perceptions of opportunities and of rights, sense of inclusion, integration and fairness ââ¬â or their opposites ââ¬â sense of frustration, alienation and barriers to obtaining support and fairness at work. 2. 1 Regional scope The research project was confined to England within the terms of reference set by the European Social Fund. Three English regions were selected in order to provide a comparison of experiences of migrant and ethnic minority workers: London, the West Midlands and the South West. London and the West Midlands have considerably larger non-white and migrant populations than other parts of the country, with significant numbers of Bangladeshis and Pakistanis working in the hotel and restaurant sector in the West Midlands (Wright and Pollert, 2005: 27à 28). In contrast, the South West is the English region with the smallest non-white population, but is experiencing a growth in migrant workers. The problems facing ethnic minority and migrant populations here have been less well documented, but where studies have been done, isolation from ethnic minority communities and support structures emerges as an issue (BMG Research, 2003; Gaine and Lamley, 2003; SWTUC, 2004). Tourism also accounts for 10% of total employment in the South West, with the greatest proportion of these (70%) employed in the hospitality sector ââ¬â accommodation, restaurants, pubs etc. (Tourism Skills Network South West, 2002). In the South West it was decided to focus the research on two towns with a large tourist population and therefore a high demand for a hotel and restaurant workforce: Bournemouth and Plymouth. The Human Resources manager of a Bournemouth hotel group, interviewed for this research, said that only 32% of their workforce was British, indicating a high reliance on foreign-born workers. 2. 2 Definitions of ethnic minority and migrant workers The research includes both ââ¬Å"ethnic minorityâ⬠and ââ¬Å"migrantâ⬠workers, categories which, in real life, are complex, changing and overlapping. Some ethnic minorities (using the Labour Force Survey definitions) will also be migrants. Migrants (defined here as all those who were born outside the UK, Home Office, 2002) may or may not be defined as ethnic minorities, and may or may not be discriminated against. White Australian or Canadian migrant workers, for example, would not be. But Kosovan people may be regarded as ethnic minorities, and suffer racism and discrimination, and Czech or Polish people may or may not be discriminated against, and while they may not be ââ¬Å"visibleâ⬠in terms of skin colour, in the way black and Asian people are, they are ââ¬Å"visibleâ⬠in terms of language, cultural characteristics, and discrimination. As many ââ¬Å"whiteâ⬠Eastern Europeans are now 9 working in the hotel and restaurant sector, particularly since the EU enlargement in May 2004, it was felt to be important to include their experiences in the study. 2. 3 Access to research participants In order to include the experience of a broad range of interviewees from different ethnic groups and backgrounds, including both recent and more settled ethnic minorities, it was decided to use multiple routes to access interviewees. Therefore a range of bodies were contacted, many with a twofold purpose of: a) providing contextual information about the sector and/or the experiences of particular ethnic groups; and b) helping gain access to research participants. Organisations contacted included trade unions, community and worker organisations, sector bodies, employers and statutory and advice agencies (see Appendix 2). In the South West, where there are fewer organised community groups than in the two other regions, we spoke to officers at Bournemouth Borough Council, who gave us informal contacts within the main local ethnic minority communities, as well as putting us in contact with several community interpreters who spoke the main languages of the local ethnic minority groups: Portuguese, Korean, Turkish, Bengali and Spanish. These routes proved very useful in helping to access research participants and in providing interpretation for interviews. However, in the end, Turkish and Bangladeshi workers were reluctant to come forward to be interviewed, which the interpreters said was because they were fearful of speaking out about their employers, despite reassurances of confidentiality. In all three areas we used fieldworkers who were able to use their language skills to carry out interviews in workersââ¬â¢ native languages, namely Bengali, Spanish, Polish, Lithuanian and Mandarin. The fieldworkers were also able to provide access to workers who may not have come forward otherwise, being people who were known and trusted among their own ethnic communities, or who were able to provide sufficient reassurance of confidentiality. Training was provided in using the interview guide to all fieldworkers to ensure a common approach was used in interviews and that fieldworkers understood the aims and objectives of the research. While the approach used provided access to workers in a wide range of establishments,from large hotel groups to small independent restaurants, including several working ââ¬Ëillegallyââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëinformallyââ¬â¢, we acknowledge that using such routes could not access the most hard-to-reach illegal migrant and ethnic minority workers, who may constitute a considerable proportion of workers in the sector. The research may not fully represent the worst conditions found in the ââ¬Ëunderbellyââ¬â¢ of the sector as suffered by many ââ¬Ëillegalââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëundocumentedââ¬â¢ migrants, as portrayed, for example, in Steven Frearââ¬â¢s 2002 film about a London hotel, Dirty Pretty Things. It was decided not only to seek out interviewees who perceived themselves as having had a ââ¬Å"problemâ⬠at work, but a range of people in different jobs in the sector, in order to explore their typical work experiences and their attitudes towards ââ¬Å"problemsâ⬠and conditions in the sector. 10 2. 4 Key informants In addition to the worker interviews, at least 20 key informants (see Appendix 2) provided further context on the hotel and restaurant sector, including regional knowledge. These included employers and employer representative bodies, trade union officials and branch members, community organisations, representatives of sector bodies and statutory and voluntary organisations. In some cases in-depth interviews were carried out, and in others more informal conversations were held either face-to-face or on the telephone. 2. 5 Worker interviews A total of 50 in-depth qualitative interviews were carried out in the three regions, with a greater number in London due to the huge range of ethnic minority and migrant workers in the sector in the capital. The breakdown was as follows: Table 1: Worker interviews by region Region London South West West Midlands Total % 46% 24% 30% 100% No. of worker interviews 23 12 15 50 during the interviews, which and a half. Participants were of both themselves and their participation with a ? 10 shop A semi-structured interview schedule was used generally lasted between 45 minutes to an hour assured of confidentiality, and of the anonymity employer. They were thanked for their time and voucher. At the start of the interview, participants were asked to complete a two-page questionnaire giving basic demographic and employment details, data from which is provided in the following section. 2. 5. 1 Ethnicity Respondents were asked to describe their ethnicity, according to the classification used in the 2001 Census. The results are grouped together in table 2. Table 2: Ethnicity of the sample Ethnicity White Bangladeshi and Pakistani Chinese and Other Asian Black Mixed % 36% 26% 20% 16% 2% No. of interviewees 18 13 10 8 1 11 2. 5. 2 Country of birth Table 3 shows the range of countries from which interviewees came. It was notable that only one participant was born in the UK, despite attempts to find British-born ethnic minority workers in the sector. Both fieldworkers and interviewees themselves commented that many British-born people do not wish to work in a sector that is known for low pay and long hours, including the children of migrants interviewed, as they seek better alternative employment opportunities (some young British-born workers do work in the sector while they are students, but tend to do so for only a short time). Table 3: Country of birth Country of birth Bangladesh China Colombia France Ghana Holland Indonesia Ivory coast Korea Lithuania Philippines Poland Portugal Slovakia Somalia Spain Sudan Turkey UK Ukraine 2. 5. 3 Gender Women are under-represented in the sample (38% of interviewees) compared to their presence in the sector as a whole, but this reflects the fact that the sample includes a substantial number of Bangladeshi workers, who represent a significant group in the sector in the West Midlands, and most of these workers are male (Wright and Pollert, 2005: 27-28). 2. 5. 4 Age Only one interviewee was under 21 years old. Almost two-fifths (38%) were aged 21 to 30 years old, and the same proportion were between 31 and 40 years old. Six interviewees (12%) were aged 41 to 50, and five (10%) were between 51 to 60. None of the interviewees were aged over 60. 2. 5. 5 Education Overall the sample was fairly highly educated, with 36% having a first stage or higher degree. Another 10% had post-secondary non-tertiary level education, and 36% had received education up to secondary level, while 12% had received. % 24% 10% 6% 2% 4% 2% 2% 2% 6% 8% 2% 4% 4% 6% 6% 2% 2% 4% 2% 2% No. of interviewees 12 5 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 1 1 12 primary level education or less. A further 6% had other qualifications or the details of their education were not known. 2. 5. 6 Employment The majority (62%) of the interviewees worked in restaurants, while 30% worked in hotels. The remaining 8% either worked in both hotels and restaurants, as agency workers, or in catering services. More than half of respondents (54%) said there were 10 or fewer employees where they worked. A further 22% said there were between 11 and 25 people where they worked. Only 6% worked for employers with between 26 to 49 people and 10% said there were 50 or more employees where they worked. However these figures should be treated with caution, and may underestimate the number working for larger employers, as respondents may have interpreted the questions as referring to the workplace or department of the hotel where they worked, rather than the employer as a whole. Almost half the interviewees (48%) worked as waiters or waitresses, either in hotels or restaurants. Another 20% were chefs or cooks, and a further 4% worked in kitchens as general assistants. 12% said they were supervisors or managers and 4% described themselves as cashiers. Another 10% worked in other jobs in hotels as receptionist, general assistant or porter/bar worker. The majority of workers were full-time (70%), while 14% said they worked parttime, and 14% were casual workers. Working hours were long. The largest proportion (40%) worked over 40 hours per week ââ¬â 10% worked between 41 and 48 hours, while almost a third (30%) said they worked over 48 hours a week. Just over a third (36%) worked between 21 and 40 hours a week. Only 6% did less than 20 hours a week. The majority (82%) had only one job at the time of the interview, with 18% having two or more jobs. However, some of those currently working in only one jo.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
Gun Control vs. Gun Rights Essay -- Second Amendment The Right To Bear
The second amendment states ââ¬Å" The right of the people to keep and bear armsâ⬠. What does that mean to us, basically and person in the United States is allowed to own and keep a fire arm in house. Gun control advocates believe that right does not extend to ownership of military-style firearms that are otherwise known as assault weapons. To curb gun-related violence certain checks are made, such as mandatory child safety locks, background checks on those wishing to purchase a gun, limits on the number of guns a person can buy and raising the age limit for gun ownership. Gun rights groups, led by the National Rifle Assocation, argue that these and other proposals infringe on the constitutional rights of law-abiding citizens. They maintain that bans on the sale of certain types of weapons h...
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Analysis Same Love Essay
Same Love Medium: Song Composer: Macklemore features vocals by Mary Lambert. Year: 2012 Publisher: Ryan Lewis Analysis: This song is written and sung by Macklemore and has featured vocals by Mary Lambert. Macklemoreââ¬â¢s real name is Ben Haggerty. Macklemoreââ¬â¢s Uncle is gay and he had wanted to write a song about gay rights and homophobia within the hip-hop community and the world. Macklemore was fuelled by the issue of marriage equality and the flagrant use of ââ¬Ëgayââ¬â¢ as a derogative term in the hip-hop industry, and the world. He would also use and say ââ¬Ëthatââ¬â¢s gayââ¬â¢ himself because it is so embedded in our culture. It was not until he was caught out saying it by friends that he realised that he had to stop. He wanted to make an impact on his fellow musicians, rappers and hip-hop artists and express his concerns for the use of words such as ââ¬Ëfaggotââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëthatââ¬â¢s gayââ¬â¢ as just another lyric. The song ââ¬ËSame Loveââ¬â¢ has lyrics that hopefully makes people second guess their language. Macklemoreââ¬â¢s positive stance against marriage equality, homosexuality and the queer population has gained an overwhelming acceptance. He is the first male mainstream hip-hop artist who has rapped positively about homosexuality. More and more pro-gay artist are coming out in support of the gay community. Proving that popular culture can turn the tide of peoples use of derogative comments, opinions and challenge our ways of thinking in regards to our gay community. He says ââ¬Ëhe simply enjoys writing songs that get people thinkingââ¬â¢. Many of the lyrics in the song ââ¬ËSame Loveââ¬â¢ have made me stop and think about what they really mean. I have Uncles, Aunties, cousins and friends who are gay so my choice of words are often corrected by my parent and peers. But nothing is more powerful then the words in a song that is of pop culture and because I believe itââ¬â¢s accurate for a generation more accepting, tolerant and knowledgeable of homosexuality. Its human rights for everybody, there is no difference! Live on and be yourself. These lyrics from the song, stayed in my mind when I wrote this assessment because I believe it should be how we should all live, as we are all equal. Macklemore says ââ¬Å"I write songs that challenge myself, they challenge listeners, they might be controversial to some people, songs that push the boundaries of what a rap song sounds like or the subject matter that might be in a rap song. â⬠Being young and influenced by pop culture, I relate to his point of pushing the boundaries as I would always want to be able to grow, learn and challenge myself to become a better person in my community.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Case Analysis Dave Armstrong (a) - 648 Words
Organisational Behavior Case Analysis: Dave Armstrong (A) Case Summary: This case is about Dave Armstrong, a 29 year old second year MBA student of Harvard Business School. Immediately after his graduation from a small liberal arts college in Texas, he started working for Thorne Enterprises as a computer Programmer. After eighteen months in the job, he quit to go into life insurance business in Amarillo. He applied to Harvard Business school but hadnââ¬â¢t considered what he would do, once accepted, he decided to go there as he and his wife wouldnââ¬â¢t have to compromise on their lifestyle as he would still be receiving renewal income from his old policy holders. Now, he is 3 months away from his graduation and he has three job prospectsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Dave would get 45000 dollars as securities analyst till the original position is available in 6-12 months. Daveââ¬â¢s wife wants him to choose this job as this does not require any investment and is a fairly secure job not involving any risk or uncertainty. According to Daveââ¬â¢s perspective, to satisfy his personality aspects and aspirations, he should choose Job A. However, according to his wifeââ¬â¢s wishes, she would want him to choose Job C, as it is safer and more reliable. Hence, we must do a weighted analysis of all his important attributes and do a comparison of all the three jobs. We also need to understand that Job A and Job B will have 2 different situations each, a situation if all goes well (high) and a situation if nothing goes well (low) Weight | Attributes | Job AHigh | Low | Job BHigh | Low | Job C | 2 | Equity | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | Bonus | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 | Salary security | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3.5 | 5 | Fun and Flexibility | 5 | 3.5 | 4 | 2.5 | 0 | 3 | Travel | 1.5 | 1.5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 4.5 | Contacts | 2.5 | 1.5 | 4.5 | 3 | 3 | Ideas | 3 | 2.5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | | Probability | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.6 | - | | Total | 15.35 | 31.8 | 33.1 | 27 | 15.25 | According to the calculations in the table above, Job A =47.15, Job B=60.1, Job C=15.25. 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